The Stonewall Riots

National History Day Project by Phoebe Hoerner

Timeline of Events

1950s-1960s

LGBTQ+ people face widespread discrimination. Homosexual activities are illegal in most states, and police regularly raid gay bars, often publishing the names of those arrested in newspapers, causing many to lose their jobs and be ostracized by their families.

1966

The Stonewall Inn opens as a bar catering to the gay community. Unlike many establishments, it welcomes drag queens, transgender people, and homeless youth who are often turned away from other venues.

June 28, 1969, 1:20 AM

Police officers raid the Stonewall Inn under the leadership of Deputy Inspector Seymour Pine. They announce that everyone is under arrest and begin checking identification. The standard procedure is to release those with identification, arresting those without ID and those dressed in clothes of the opposite gender.

June 28, 1969, Around 2:00 AM

Instead of dispersing as they typically would during police raids, patrons and neighborhood residents begin to gather outside the bar. The atmosphere grows increasingly tense as police roughly handle those being arrested.

June 28, 1969, Late Night

The crowd erupts after a woman, believed by many accounts to be Stormé DeLarverie, is struck by an officer while resisting arrest. People begin throwing coins, bottles, and other objects at the police. Officers, outnumbered by the growing crowd, barricade themselves inside the Stonewall Inn.

June 28, 1969, Early Morning

The Tactical Police Force arrives to disperse the crowd, but protesters lead them on a chase through the streets of Greenwich Village. The riots end at dawn, but the uprising has only just begun.

June 29, 1969

The Stonewall Inn opens again, and hundreds of people gather. Rioting resumes and continues for several more nights. Protesters distribute leaflets and organize, marking the beginning of more coordinated activism.

July 1969

The Gay Liberation Front (GLF) is formed, motivated by the energy of the Stonewall uprising. This marks a departure from the more conservative approach of previous gay rights organizations.

June 28, 1970

The first Pride marches take place in New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago to commemorate the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall uprising. These become the model for annual Pride celebrations around the world.

1973

The American Psychiatric Association removes homosexuality from its list of mental disorders, a major victory influenced by the post-Stonewall activism.

1990s-2000s

Stonewall's legacy continues with achievements like the overturning of sodomy laws, the repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell," and the legalization of same-sex marriage in many countries.

June 6, 2019

On the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall uprising, New York Police Commissioner James O'Neill formally apologizes for the department's actions in 1969, saying, "The actions taken by the NYPD were wrong—plain and simple."